How to create a DD image of Windows Server 2019
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The DD command is a common command for disk reading and writing under Linux. It can write existing hard disk image files directly to the hard disk. Through the DD command, we can transform the system from Linux to Windows. In this way, we can not only obtain a pure system, but also save a lot of costs. There are many DD image files on the Internet, but they are a mixed bag. Either the version is inappropriate, or there is a fear of backdoor Trojans. Therefore, it is better to seek help from others than to ask yourself. The mirror you make yourself is the best.
Let's take the production of the latest DD image of Windows Server 2019 system as an example to record the entire process.
a
1. MSDN original iso file of Windows Server 2019 system. Here we take the English version of en_windows_server_2019_x64_dvd_3c2cf1202.iso as an example.
2，7zip
3，Dec++
4，virtio driver
5. A server that supports Hyper-V (optional)
Edit image
1. Use 7zip to open en_windows_server_2019_x64_dvd_3c2cf1202.iso and extract the file install.wim from it. Its path is located at \sources\install.wim, and extract it separately to the local hard disk. This is assumed to be D:\install.wim.
2. Create a new directory, assumed here to be D:\Win2019. Unzip the downloaded Dism++ to a separate directory and run Dism++x64.exe (64-bit) or Dism++x86.exe (32-bit) depending on the system.
3. In the opened Dism++ interface, select menu, file, and mount image. In the pop-up window, browse there first and click to select the D:\install.wim you just extracted. At this time, Dism++ will read out the various versions contained in install.wim. I chose the ServerDatacenter version. Remember not to select read-only mode, click OK, and wait for the image to be mounted.
4. When the mounting is ready, click to open the session and enter the main interface.
5. Unzip the prepared virtio driver iso file to D:\virtio-win-0.1.149 using 7zip. The file downloaded here is named virtio-win-0.1.149.iso. Click Driver Management to add a driver. After selecting the folder where the driver is located, the driver will be installed automatically. In the pop-up window, click OK.
6. If you want to adapt to some independent servers such as Kimsufi, you need to manually install the Intel network card driver.
click to download. After downloading, open the file with 7zip and copy the PROWinx64.exe\PRO1000\Winx64\NDIS65 directory for later use.
Then you need to modify the file e1c65x64.inf before it can be used. The content is as follows, pay attention to comparison (This is a sinkhole, remember）。
(Intel.NTamd64.10.0) ; DisplayName Section DeviceID ; ----------- ------- -------- %E1502NC.DeviceDesc% = E1502, PCI\VEN_8086&DEV_1502 %E1502NC.DeviceDesc% = E1502, PCI\VEN_8086&DEV_1502&SUBSYS_00008086 %E1502NC.DeviceDesc% = E1502, PCI\VEN_8086&DEV_1502&SUBSYS_00011179 %E1502NC.DeviceDesc% = E1502, PCI\VEN_8086&DEV_1502&SUBSYS_00021179 %E1502NC.DeviceDesc% = E1502.10.0.1, PCI\VEN_8086&DEV_1502 %E1502NC.DeviceDesc% = E1502.10.0.1, PCI\VEN_8086&DEV_1502&SUBSYS_00008086 %E1502NC.DeviceDesc% = E1502.10.0.1, PCI\VEN_8086&DEV_1502&SUBSYS_00011179 %E1502NC.DeviceDesc% = E1502.10.0.1, PCI\VEN_8086&DEV_1502&SUBSYS_00021179 %E1503NC.DeviceDesc% = E1503.10.0.1, PCI\VEN_8086&DEV_1503 %E1503NC.DeviceDesc% = E1503.10.0.1, PCI\VEN_8086&DEV_1503&SUBSYS_00008086 %E1503NC.DeviceDesc% = E1503.10.0.1, PCI\VEN_8086&DEV_1503&SUBSYS_00011179 %E1503NC.DeviceDesc% = E1503.10.0.1, PCI\VEN_8086&DEV_1503&SUBSYS_00021179
Then repeat the steps to add the driver to add this driver.
7. Click Update Management, Scan, Install to start installing updates. Because this is the latest version of the system, there is no update package yet.
8. Click System Optimization. There are a series of options to optimize as needed.My suggestion is to turn the firewall off.It is not recommended to turn off the firewall, it is not safe.
9. After editing the image, save it as a new image. It is assumed here that it is D:\win2019.wim. Wait for the new image to be saved.
Create VHD virtual hard disk
1. Click the Start menu, Windows Administrative Tools, and Computer Management. Click Disk Management, Operation, Create VHD, and in the pop-up window, specify the location of the virtual hard disk on the computer, assuming it is D:\2019.vhd, select the virtual hard disk size as 15GB, and click OK, as shown in the figure. Note that the hard disk should not be set too large, otherwise during DD in the future, an error will occur if the hard disk of the VPS or server is smaller than the disk size you specified.
2. Wait for a moment for the virtual disk to be created. Then select the newly created VHD hard disk, right-click on the initialization disk, select MBR for partition, and click OK. Right-click to create a new simple volume and confirm with the next step. Specify the drive letter as desired. Here, it is assumed to be the T drive. The virtual disk is now created.
Create a VHD virtual hard disk with Windows Server 2019 system
1. At this time, the new image D:\win2019.wim saved as has been created. In the Dism++ interface, click File, Release Image, browse there first, click to select D:\win2019.wim, browse there second, select the newly created VHD disk T drive, select Add Boot and Format, click Confirm, select More in the pop-up window (this is very important), select the disk drive letter you just created, and click Confirm.
2. After releasing the image, close Dism++. At this time, select the VHD disk, select the T drive here, right-click, and pop up.
Create an unattended DD package (optional)
The VHD virtual hard disk created previously is actually ready for use.
The control panel provided by some VPS has VNC, you can use the mouse, and you can also quickly enter Ctrl + Alt + Del, then the VHD virtual hard disk can be used directly.
In fact, VNC is not available in many places, so it needs to be unattended. After DD is completed, you can use remote login to enter the desktop immediately. At this time, we need to use Hyper-V to enable remote desktop and customization to optimize the system.
1. Open Hyper-V Manager in order, connect to server, local computer, operation, new, virtual machine, specify name and location, first generation (1), memory, network connection, use existing virtual hard disk, select D: \2019.vhd, completed. The following demonstration pictures are taken from the Japanese system. In fact, the interfaces are the same.
2. After creating the virtual machine, it is recommended to cancel the checkpoint. Select the virtual machine, right-click, Settings, Checkpoints, and uncheck Enable Checkpoints.
3. Select the virtual machine, right-click, connect, and start. Then just like installing the system normally, enter some information, agree to the terms, set the Administrator password, and after entering the desktop, you can make various settings.
For example, modify the registry to turn off Ctrl + Alt + Del, and enable remote desktop without verifying the user level. Skip it here.
Compress VHD virtual hard disk
1. Select D:\2019.vhd, right-click and select 7zip, add a compressed package, select gzip as the compression format, the option is default, and click OK. If 7zip reports an error when compressing, just start it in administrator mode.
2. After the compression is completed, rename the compressed package, upload it to your own server, and use WebServer such as Apache or Nginx to create a direct download link and use it directly.
Reference links:
https://www.fmqcloud.com/archives/makedd.html
http://www.chinavps.net/zhuanzai/dd-windows-10-zhizuo.html
https://www.hostloc.com/thread-357177-1-1.html
https://www.hostloc.com/thread-480867-1-1.html